The countdown to Universal Health Coverage

Also available in: EspaƱol

With the beginning of 2020, we can interpret that the ten-year countdown begins to reach Universal Health Coverage (CUS) in our countries.

By: Javier Hourcade Bellocq

Source: http://www.corresponsalesclave.org/2020/01/el-conteo-regresivo-de-cus.html

During the high-level meeting in September 2019, the member states of the United Nations System committed themselves, among other things, to reaching one billion people in the world with Health Coverage by 2030. Much work needs to be done in the next ten years with a public and private partnership to reach this ambitious table. Civil society working on health, development and human rights issues should influence and pressure our governments to achieve it. At the end of the day, the States, represented by their governments, are ultimately responsible for the health coverage of the population, not only from the perspective of the public health dimension but also from the right to health.

How do we achieve the commitments?

Leadership of the health authority: The only way we can significantly expand access to health is by strengthening all health systems, at all levels. There are health problems that require special considerations due to their low prevalence and high cost. Health portfolios, with the accompaniment and monitoring of civil society and the local and regional technical assistance of the United Nations System through their specialized agencies must face these challenges. Without a robust and resilient health system, with the lack of a medium and long-term perspective, focused on costly strategic and operational plans, none of this will be viable.

Recursos domĆ©sticos: La mayorĆ­a de los paĆ­ses del mundo, aĆŗn aquellos categorizados como en vĆ­as de desarrollo y de renta medias y bajas, cuentan en su paĆ­s con los recursos financieros necesario para lograr la CUS. El problema es que la salud no es una prioridad y la asignación de fondos locales se realizan en otras Ć”reas, muchas no prioritarias. La gestión de grandes sumas de recursos pĆŗblicos domĆ©sticos son fuente de hechos de corrupción, un problema sistĆ©mico en el mundo. La corrupción mata. Cuando las obras se sobre-presupuestan, se facturan y no se concluyen o se realizan con subestĆ”ndares de calidad, esto cuesta miles de vidas.

Domestic resources: Most countries in the world, even those classified as middle and low income and as developing states, have the financial resources necessary to achieve the UHC. The problem is that health is not a priority and the allocation of local funds is oriented to other areas, many of which are not priority areas. The management of large sums of domestic public resources represent a source for corruption, a world-wide systemic problem. Corruption kills. When the works are over-budgeted, billed and not completed or carried out with quality sub -standards, this costs thousands of lives.

Las personas que afrontan un problema de salud y sus familias no deben, ni pueden afrontar los gastos sanitarios de sus bolsillos. Millones de personas afrontan gastos catastróficos para sus familias para tratar una enfermedad. Esto genera, no sólo que muchas personas se vean obligadas a abandonar el tratamiento, sino que aumenta severamente la vulnerabilidad de los grupos familiares. Por ello, mucha gente recurre al centro de salud cuando ya es muy tarde y llega a un diagnóstico tardío. Los medicamentos y los insumos son bienes públicos y deben ser asequibles para las y los usuarios, como para los Estados.

People facing a health problem and their families should not, nor can they afford the health costs of their pockets. Millions of people face catastrophic expenses for their families to treat a disease. This generates, not only that many people are forced to abandon treatment, but also severely increases the vulnerability of family groups. Therefore, many people turn to the health center when it is too late and reaches a late diagnosis. Medicines and supplies are public goods and must be affordable for users, as well as for the States.

La Ćŗltima milla primero: En todos los sistemas de salud, existe una diversidad de poblaciones que no acceden a ellos por sus diversas y complejas vulnerabilidades y aspectos estructurales, son quienes han sido tradicionalmente dejadas por detrĆ”s. La CUS y los resultados en control de muchas enfermedades solo serĆ”n posibles asegurando el acceso de aquellas personas mĆ”s marginadas. Debemos cambiar el paradigma de los servicios primarios de salud receptivos y pasivos, sacando los centros y servicios de salud a las calles y comunidades con la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Por ejemplo, muchos de los paĆ­ses, mĆ”s allĆ” de su desarrollo, en los sistemas de CUS o aseguramiento universal Ćŗnico, no incluyen en forma adecuada la salud mental, la nutrición en cada etapa de la vida, la salud dental, entre otras. AsĆ­ tampoco las consideradas enfermedades raras, muchas de difĆ­cil diagnóstico y complejo tratamiento. Estas personas rezagadas deben ser priorizadas y encabezar las poblaciones prioritarias.

The last mile first: In all health systems, there is a diversity of populations that do not access them due to their diverse and complex vulnerabilities and structural aspects, they have been traditionally left behind. The CUS and the results in control of many diseases will only be possible by ensuring the access of those most marginalized. We must change the paradigm of receptive and passive primary health services, bringing health centers and services to the streets and communities with prevention, diagnosis and timely treatment. For example, many of the countries, beyond their development, in the CUS or single universal insurance systems, do not adequately include mental health, nutrition at each stage of life, dental health, among others. Nor are those considered rare diseases, many difficult to diagnose and complex treatment. These lagging people should be prioritized and lead the priority populations.

La cooperación internacional: Aquellos paĆ­ses en situación de extrema pobreza o que afrontan crisis polĆ­ticas y sanitarias siempre dependerĆ”n de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo, con los recursos de los donantes internacionales. PodrĆ­amos asumir que las organizaciones de la sociedad civil que trabajan con poblaciones discriminadas y criminalizadas no accederĆ”n a recursos domĆ©sticos con facilidad. Las Agencias TĆ©cnicas de las Naciones Unidad deben acompaƱar el desarrollo de la capacidad tĆ©cnica local, asegurando el fortalecimiento de los sistemas y no las codependencias. El Sistema de NN.UU. debe profundizar su trabajo de proveer el conocimiento cientĆ­fico, basado en las evidencias, que informen las decisiones programĆ”ticas. Doce agencias e instituciones se han comprometido en el Plan Mundial de Acción, falta asegurar la significativa participación de las sociedades civiles, acadĆ©micas y cientĆ­ficas.

International cooperation: Those countries in a situation of extreme poverty or facing political and health crises will always depend on International Development Cooperation, with the resources of international donors. We could assume that civil society organizations that work with discriminated and criminalized populations will not easily access domestic resources. The Technical Agencies of the United Nations must accompany the development of local technical capacity, ensuring the strengthening of systems and not codependencies. The UN System must deepen its work of providing evidence-based scientific knowledge that informs programmatic decisions. Twelve agencies and institutions have committed themselves to the Global Plan of Action, it is necessary to ensure the significant participation of civil, academic and scientific societies.

La cobertura no serÔ universal si no promueve el acceso o, en otras palabras, no hay cobertura sin acceso. Para promover la prevención y el acceso se requiere de la participación de otros ministerios como Educación, Economía, Trabajo y Acción Social. No estÔ de mÔs poner el énfasis que la CUS refiere al amplio y diverso espectro de temas de salud, transmisibles y no transmisibles, crónicos, agudos y de progresión, conocidas y raras, de baja y alta inversión para el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Por ello, urge conformar coaliciones amplias y diversas en salud de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, donde se pueden coordinar las acciones de incidencia y vigilancia comunitaria, unir fuerzas, coordinar y aprender mutuamente.

Coverage will not be universal if it does not promote access or, in other words, there is no coverage without access. To promote prevention and access requires the participation of other ministries such as Education, Economy, Labor and Social Action. Needless to emphasize, the CUS refers to the broad and diverse spectrum of health issues, communicable and non-communicable, chronic, acute and progressive, known and rare, of low and high investment for diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it is urgent to form broad and diverse coalitions in health of civil society organizations, where community advocacy and surveillance actions can be coordinated, join forces, coordinate and learn from each other.

Si vemos los patrones de comportamiento de los diferentes actores sanitarios, incluyéndonos, en la última década, parece una utopía retórica lograr las metas comprometidas. Existe escepticismo en nuestro sector, pero esto es cuestión de la vida o muerte de miles de millones de personas, de cuan preparados estemos para el surgimiento potencial de una nueva epidemia y de si es posible realizar la salud como un derecho humano. Es posible, pero no hay mucho tiempo, hemos empezado el mes 240 del calendario para cumplir los compromisos. ”No hay tiempo que perder!

Todos los artĆ­culos pueden ser compartidos y publicados siempre que sean citados los datos de la fuente.

If we see the behavior patterns of the different health actors, including us, in the last decade, it seems a rhetorical utopia to achieve the committed goals. There is skepticism in our sector, but this is a matter of the life or death of billions of people, how prepared we are for the potential emergence of a new epidemic and whether it is possible to realize health as a human right. It is possible, but there is not much time, we have started month 240 of the calendar to fulfill the commitments. There is no time to lose!

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